The subject of this paper is Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 of the United States, a statute that for the past 35 years has allowed the U.S. to unilaterally handle its trade disputes. More specifically, the paper examines the constraining and supporting effects of the multilateral trading...

When President Trump came into office the US administration launched a detailed analysis of American trade relations. It aimed to identify "unfair trade practices" that are supposedly increasingly being used by other countries, and that are economically damaging to America. This study simulates...

The Brussels Effect, once emblematic of the EU's alleged influence in shaping global regulations, has now become a factor contributing to global regulatory fragmentation. The EU must recalibrate its trajectory towards a liberal and rules-based trading order, prioritizing widespread regulatory...

This paper analyzes how international rules are established and stabilized, i.e. how an international institutional order develops. Rules emerge mainly through learning from negative experience and serve to reduce transaction costs. The paper looks at mechanisms that stabilize rule systems, at...

Anfang Dezember 2013 einigten sich die Mitgliedsländer der WTO auf ein neues Welthandelsabkommen. Gabriel Felbermayr, ifo Institut und Universität München, sieht einen Anpassungsbedarf der WTO an die neue Gemengelage in der Weltwirtschaft, da in Zukunft immer häufiger in regionalen Abkommen...

Ziel dieser Studie ist es zu evaluieren ob und in welchem Ausmaß vergangene Handelsliberalisierungen zu einer Steigerung von Handel, zu einer Erhöhung der Beschäftigung und zu höheren Löhnen in Deutschland beigetragen haben. Dabei wird besonders auf die Bedeutung des Außenhandels auf den...