Armstrong et al. (2022) review the empirical methods used in the accounting literature to draw causal inferences. They … as the use of these methods in the accounting literature. In this discussion, I complement their review by broadening the … perspective. I argue for a design-based approach to accounting research that shifts attention from methods to the entire research …

threshold that implies certain legal changes, etc. Accounting for these differences in covariates is important to reduce bias …. In addition, accounting for covariates may also reduces variance. Finally, estimation of quantile treatment effects (QTE …