This paper assesses the contribution of the European Central Bank (ECB) to Germany's ongoing economic crisis, a vicious circle of decline in which the country has become stuck since the early 1990s. It is argued that the ECB continues the Bundesbank tradition of asymmetric policymaking: the bank...

This paper aims to examine the influence of the fiscal and budgetary policy to the labour market and how to determine the movement of filled employment positions from one period to another, the gross job creation, the gross job destruction, the job reallocation and the average job vacancies. The...

This chapter seeks to assess the main thrusts of Polish economic policy from 2007 to 2015, a period when the governing coalition of the Civic Platform (PO) and the Polish People’s Party (PSL) was in power, with a focus on measures designed to boost growth and streamline the country’s public...

This is the third and final paper in a three-part series exploring the decision-making process in China. Presenting reform as a holistic system consisting of economic, political, cultural, social and ecological subsystems, President Xi Jinping introduced a top-level design as the theoretical...

Japan wurde durch die Naturkatastrophe am 11. März 2011 in eine erneute Rezession gerissen. Das Bruttoinlandsprodukt ist im ersten Quartal 2011 auf Jahresbasis hochgerechnet um 3,5 Prozent eingebrochen. Zwar werden die Folgen des Erdbebens und Tsunamis sowie der anschließenden...