This Working Paper analyses the development of the interpretation that the European Commission has given to the TFEU provision concerning mechanisms for extensions of collective agreements. The paper examines how the Commission has reinterpreted these provision and the challenges this poses for...

Soziale Sicherung gehört in der Europäischen Union zwar zu den primär nationalstaatlichen Aufgaben, doch gehen von der europäischen Ebene vielfältige Einflüsse aus, von Entscheidungen der Kommission, im Ministerrat oder durch den Europäischen Gerichtshof wie auch allgemein durch direkt...

Following its proclamation in 2017, the European Pillar of Social Rights was used by the Commission for the first time in the 2017/18 European Semester. However, much of the potential of its Social Scoreboard to spotlight social shortcomings in the EU remains untapped. Member States are showing...

Perhaps no other country in recent years has witnessed greater change in its collective bargaining framework than the UK. This paper describes the dramatic developments and their consequences. Like Gaul, it is in three parts. The first part charts the six major pieces of legislation –...

In einem Europa integrierter Güter- und Faktormärkte stehen die nationalen Systeme Sozialer Sicherung zunehmend auf dem Prüfstand. Mit der Schaffung des gemeinsamen Marktes wurden die individuellen Verfügungsrechte verändert. In diesem Essay werden diese Änderungen bezüglich den Zielen...

Institutional change is guided by rules. In the European Union these rules are given by Art. 250-252 of the Treaty of Amsterdam. These articles define the actors and rules that bring about changes in policies in the European Union. We analyze these articles as games in extensive form and...