This study examines the role of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment (BBBEE) approaches in South Africa for the country’s transformation process towards a more sustainable and equitable development. The main focus of the empirical part of the survey...

How do mechanisms that enforce cooperation emerge in a society where none are available and agents are endowed with just raw power that allows a more powerful agent to expropriate a less powerful one? We study a model where expropriation is costly and agents can choose whether to engage in...

International vergleichende Studien und zahllose Pressemeldungen, die über Übergriffe auf ausländische Afrikaner berichten, zeigen, dass sich in der südafrikanischen Gesellschaft seit dem Ende der Apartheid ein Klima der Fremdenfeindlichkeit verbreitet hat. Im Kontrast zum Ausmaß des...

Article 16 of the EBA Founding Regulation enables the EBA to issue guidelines and recommendations, while Articles 8 (1) (aa) and (ab) and 29 (2) of that Regulation enable it to develop a handbook for supervision and resolution. The European Court of Justice (ECJ or Court, hereinafter), in its...

This paper examines racial disparities in mortgage processing time prior to the global financial crisis. We find that Black borrowers are underrepresented and experience a longer processing time than White borrowers among the mortgages securitized by government-sponsored enterprises. At the same...

The interface between trade and Internet governance is one of the most complex policy challenges in the current-day digital economy. This working paper highlights the following observations and findings on the delicate and complex relationship between international trade and the Internet: Recent...

The paper presents the main aspects related to the modernisation process of the European Union customs legislation and identifies a series of benefits that arise from implementing the measures of the Modernised Community customs code. In this context, foreign trade companies must adapt their...

Given the urgent need to dramatically reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and concern regarding insufficient climate action and ambition across the globe, NGOs and individuals are increasingly turning to the courts to force States, public authorities, and private entities to increase their climate...