Die Qualitätssicherung bei der Produktion von Solarzellen ist ein entscheidender Faktor, um langfristige Leistungsgarantien auf Solarpanels gewähren zu können. Die vorliegende Arbeit leistet hierzu einen Beitrag zur automatisierten Fehlererkennung auf Wafern, indem Elektrolumineszenz-Bilder...

Most modern supervised statistical/machine learning (ML) methods are explicitly designed to solve prediction problems very well. Achieving this goal does not imply that these methods automatically deliver good estimators of causal parameters. Examples of such parameters include individual...

Long short-term memory (LSTM) networks are a state-of-the-art technique for sequence learning. They are less commonly applied to financial time series predictions, yet inherently suitable for this domain. We deploy LSTM networks for predicting out-of-sample directional movements for the...

Due to the advanced technology associated with Big Data, data availability and computing power, most banks or lending institutions are renewing their business models. Credit risk predictions, monitoring, model reliability and effective loan processing are key to decision-making and transparency....

Automatic modulations recognition is one of the most important aspects in cognitive radios (CRs). Unlicensed users or secondary users (SUs) tend to classify the incoming signals to recognize the type of users in the system. Once the available users are detected and classified accurately, the CR...

Innovation is considered as a main driver of economic growth. Promoting the development of innovation through STI (science, technology and innovation) policies requires accurate indicators of innovation. Traditional indicators often lack coverage, granularity as well as timeliness and involve...

Roads are vital to support the transportation of people, goods, and services, among others. To yield their optimal socioeconomic impact, proper maintenance of existing roads is required; however, this is typically underfunded. Since detecting road quality is both labor and capital intensive,...

Artificial intelligence and machine learning have increasing influence on the financial sector, but also on economy as a whole. The impact of artificial intelligence and machine learning on banking risk management has become particularly interesting after the global financial crisis. The...

This paper addresses the steep learning curve in Machine Learning faced by noncomputer scientists, particularly social scientists, stemming from the absence of a primer on its fundamental principles. I adopt a pedagogical strategy inspired by the adage "once you understand OLS, you can work your...

In recent years, machine learning research has gained momentum: New developments in the field of deep learning allow for multiple levels of abstraction and are starting to supersede well-known and powerful tree-based techniques mainly operating on the original feature space. All these methods...