presented points to a causal effect of the IGESP on crime. The most conservative estimates indicate a reduction of 24% in … property crimes and 13% in personal crimes. There is also evidence that the IGESP is associated with improved police response … represented by the program may constitute a first-order factor in a successful policy for fighting crime. …

simultaneity between police and crime. In Italy police officers can only be hired through lengthy national public contests which …This paper exploits dictated delays in local police hiring by a centralized national authority to break the … requested police officers are recruited and become operational. We show that this endogeneity vanishes once, controlling for …

The impact of organized crime on inter-regional price disparities in Russia is estimated for each year from 1992 to … of the country. The relationship between prices and crime is, for the most part, statistically significant and positive …. Organized crime considerably contributes to the average cross-region price dispersion. However, the effect of organized crime …

a literature review is provided about the financing of terrorist and organized crime organizations, their sources and …

, corrupted police officers, and the power of the organized crime. Naturally, poverty and warfare contribute to the rising tide of … human trafficking in illegal migration and the role played by the national and transnational organized crime. The …

corruption detection highly probable, we show that increasing policing or sanctions effectively deters crime. However, when … generate higher crime rates. In particular, the relationship between the traditional instruments of deterrence, namely … intensification of policing and increment of sanctions, and crime is nonmonotonic. Beyond a threshold, increases in expected …

How do changes in mobility impact crime? Using police precinct-level daily crime statistics and shootings data from the …, despite fewer people being on the streets. To address the relationship between crime and mobility, we use cellphone data and … mobility data aggregated at the police precinct level, we find that changes in mobility while the stay-at-home order is in …

related to the activity of organized crime, as homicide, extortion, drug-trafficking or usury. Petty crimes are estimated to …, the signaling role of the policy, and other forms of social control) rather than induced by organized crime itself. …

contributions for the original citizens. As an empirical example, we employ Germany?s crime statistic in order to assess the … efficiency of the provision of police services at the state level. …