A perusal of the literature shows that a broad frame of references for organizational success is not adequately developed. Therefore, by taking an interdisciplinary approach with a relational perspective, this study takes an integrative and fresh approach toward illuminating the moderate role of...

In this study, the significance of using Porter's generic strategies in firms that operate in competitive environments is investigated. The aim is to indicate the effects of Porter's generic strategies (low-cost strategy, differentiation strategy, and focus strategy) on firm performance. The...

Considering pursuing the differentiation strategy makes enable the organization to earn its success and to create, capture and sustain economic value. Despite this importance, it is relatively absentminded in empirical studies at the conceptual level. In response to this gap, the purpose of this...

This study deals with the importance of applying Management by Objectives (MBO) method, as a method for performance appraisal (PA) in enhancing employees' effectiveness. A self- administered questionnaire was used, the number of participants included the survey is 172 employees from 13 firms...