Singapore is the most industrialized and urbanized country in Southeast Asia and is totally dependent on oil and natural gas imports to satisfy its energy needs. Its national energy policy framework seeks to find a balance between maintaining Singapore's competitiveness, improving energy...

This paper examines the long-run relationship between energy consumption and real GDP, including energy prices, for 25 OECD countries from 1981 to 2007. The distinction between common factors and idiosyncratic components using principal component analysis allows to distinguish between...

This paper investigates the long run and short run relationships of monetary policy, inflation and economic growth in Pakistan using co-integration and causality analysis during the period 0f 1972-2010. A large number of empirical studies on the relationships of monetary policy and inflation are...

The conflict between economic growth and keeping greenhouse gases (GHG) at controllable levels is one of the ultimate challenges of this century. The aim of Kyoto Protocol is to keep the level of carbon dioxide (CO2) below a certain threshold level. The purpose of this paper is to study the...

Die deutsche Industrie hat seit Mitte der 90er Jahre mehrfach Selbstverpflichtungserklärungen darüber abgegeben, durch eigene besondere und zusätzliche Anstrengungen einen Beitrag zur Erfüllung der von der Bundesregierung verfolgten Klimaschutzziele zu leisten. Tatsächlich waren die...

Die energiebedingten CO2-Emissionen in Deutschland haben im Jahre 2002 gegenüber dem Vorjahr um 1,5 % auf rund 834 Mill. t abgenommen. Maßgeblich für diesen Rückgang waren die schwache Konjunktur sowie die mildere Witterung. Temperaturbereinigt errechnet sich ein Rückgang um lediglich 0,2...

The developing economies of Asia are confronted by serious environmental problems that threaten to undermine future growth, food security, and regional stability. This study considers four major environmental challenges that policymakers across developing Asia will need to address towards 2030:...

The rapidly growing literature on the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth has not univocally identified the real causal relationship yet. We argue that bivariate models, which analyze the causality at the level of the total economy, are not appropriate - especially in...