determined by the initial gap. We obtain these results with 2SLS estimates where slavery is used as an instrument for the initial … gap. The excludability of slavery is preliminarily established by instrumenting it with the share of disembarked slaves … initial racial gap in education and that slavery affects growth indirectly through this channel. …

Industrial mining is currently one of the fastest growing sectors of the world economy, particularly in the Global … South. The present mining boom is, however, accompanied by numerous conflicts: conflicts over labour relations, over … ecological systems, and over the distribution of profits and tax revenues. In this paper, a typology of mining conflicts is …

' framing strategies in conflicts over large-scale mining and agro-industrial projects. Discursive opportunity structures (DOS … discursive structures. Empirically, the study compares conflicts over gold mining and agro-industry in Senegal. Some elements of …Konflikte um großflächige Landtransformationen zugunsten von Bergbau und Agrarindustrie haben in den letzten Jahren …

mining activities, and shows for the case of South Africa how it can be implemented numerically. The CGE model belongs to the …

protests against gold and coal mining. …

During the period spanning independence in 1822 to mid-century, Brazil's southeast shifted from specialising in the …

This paper studies the history of contractual choice in coffee plantations of São Paulo, Brazil. It focuses on the … consolidation of non-captive labour markets in the early phases of the transition from slavery in the country, particularly in the … turn allowing for the immigration of poor and credit-constrained Europeans, paving the way to insert Brazil into the …