&D efforts. Traditionally, the effects of R&D on productivity have been assessed from an econometrically estimated production … modelling the improvement of technology and the growth of total factor productivity. In this case, the residual of the … production function, which reflects total factor productivity, consists of two multiplicative components. The first component is …

, the hypothesis that input quality and plant productivity are complementary in generating output quality. We embed this …

, by separating the lagoon from the Adriatic Sea, it interferes with ship traffic and has negative impacts on port …

We investigate how port privatization affects port charges, firm profits, and welfare. Our model consists of an … prices for port usage, although neither government has an incentive to privatize its port. The equilibrium governmental …'s government is more likely to privatize its port, although the larger country's government is more likely to nationalize its port …

finance productivity and technology improvements. Third, in terms of social welfare, no equivalence result between the effects …