optimal. When eradication is feasible, the optimal program requires either a low vaccination rate or eradication. A high … vaccination rate is never optimal. Under special conditions, the results are especially stark: the optimal policy is either not to …

private university allows us to estimate how peer effects influence health beliefs and vaccination choices. Our results … positive peer effects on individuals' vaccination decisions. A student becomes up to 8.3 percentage points more likely to get … inoculation clinics suggests that students coordinate their vaccination decisions with their friends. …

hospitalisation and fatality rates of vaccination and population immunity due to past infection: the latter was the most signiÖcant … factor driving both trends, while the vaccination rate also had a signiÖcant short run e§ect on the fatality rate. We also …

orhistorical and Monte Carlo simulation methods. Although these approaches to overall VaR estimation have receivedsubstantial … proposed estimation approach pairs intuitiveappeal with computational efficiency. We evaluate various alternative estimation …

In this paper we focus on the analysis of the effect of prediction and estimation risk on the loss distribution, risk … parameters for the estimation of probability of default or asset correlation are not available, and usually have to be estimated … using historical data. The incorporation of prediction and estimation risk generally leads to broader loss distributions and …

The situation of a limited availability of historical data is frequently encountered in portfolio risk estimation …, especially in credit risk estimation. This makes it, for example, difficult to find temporal structures with statistical … selected macroeconomic variables. These findings may improve the estimation of risk measures such as the (portfolio) Value at …

-entrance in January 2001 this paper develops a rigorous estimation procedure. The estimates provide statistical evidence of … increased central bank intervention activities in the run-up to the Greek EMU entrance. Thus the modelling and estimation …