We propose autocorrelation-robust asymptotic variances of the Brier score and Brier skill score, which are generally applicable in circumstances with weak serial correlation. An empirical application in macroeconomics underscores the importance of taking care of serial correlation. We find that...

We develop a non-linear forecast combination rule based on copulas that incorporate the dynamic interaction between individual predictors. This approach is optimal in the sense that the resulting combined forecast produces the highest discriminatory power as measured by the receiver operating...

ASEAN countries share the common challenge of energy security, which consists of meeting rising demand for energy in a secure, affordable and sustainable manner. This paper extends the gravity model to estimate the effects of economic integration, renewable energy supply and energy efficiency on...

Mobilizing private finance for renewable energy and energy efficiency is critical for the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) not only for the reduction of global temperature rise, but also for meeting fast growing energy demand. Two-thirds of green bonds issued in ASEAN countries...

ASEAN countries need to consider more innovative, market-oriented approaches to accelerate energy efficiency improvement, and well-designed voluntary agreements will play a critical role in raising the awareness of companies and engaging them with the materialization of multiple energy...

The International Energy Agency estimates that $24.5 trillion of energy efficiency (EE) investments will be needed through 2040. Debt- and self-financed projects are expected to contribute only a third of this capital due to multiple barriers. On the one hand, self-financed projects require...

As the growth of energy demand outstrips that of energy supply in Southeast Asia, it becomes imperative for ASEAN member states to seek energy efficiency improvements for sustained energy security. While green buildings have an overall low penetration rate in ASEAN, when compared to the rest of...

Energy demand growth in Southeast Asian countries is predicted to be the highest in the world, with Indonesia having the highest urbanization rate. Along with growing urban areas, public infrastructures, such as streetlights, are also expanding. Unfortunately, energy conservation measures in...

ASEAN's unprecedented economic growth in recent years has required access to an uninterrupted energy supply across the region. As it plans to ensure a 20% energy intensity reduction by 2020 and 30% by 2025, ASEAN must realize and harness the benefits of energy efficiency and optimize its use for...

The People's Republic of China (PRC) has taken bold actions since 2016 to utilize low-grade industrial excess heat to improve the energy efficiency of district heating systems. This study aims to draw policy insights into the PRC's field experience of overcoming barriers to energy efficiency...