With the adoption of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), Argentina had to adapt to the new international rules on patent law. One of the main points of the Agreement is the possibility of establishing different forms of compulsory licenses and...

This paper analyzes how international rules are established and stabilized, i.e. how an international institutional order develops. Rules emerge mainly through learning from negative experience and serve to reduce transaction costs. The paper looks at mechanisms that stabilize rule systems, at...

The international political economy literature often expects that states end up in regulatory races to the bottom while competing for the most mobile segments of capital. While multilateralism argues that states are able to overcome prisoner dilemma situations by converging on international...

The U.S. has been under pressure to abandon the unique first-to-invent feature of its patent law for awarding patents. The opposition to reform however argues that switch to a first-to-file rule, the international norm, will undermine innovation. We evaluate this argument in a dynamic stochastic...

This paper aims at overcoming several shortcomings of previous empirical studies on the relationship between IPR protection and FDI. First, FDI is analyzed on a sectorally and regionally disaggregated level. Second, we address the proposition that stronger IPR protection raises not only the...

The proponents of intellectual property (IP) have increasingly utilized injunctions with indiscriminate propensity as a strategic tool for IP enforcement, resulting in adverse socio-economic implications, including the enjoyment of human rights. This trend has eclipsed the flexibilities provided...

Die Lage der deutschen Wirtschaft scheint besser als sie tatsächlich ist. Der Umfang der Investitionen bleibt hinter den Werten früherer Aufschwungphasen zurück. Abzüglich Abschreibungen sind nur 3,3 % Nettoinvestitionen in Relation zum BIP (2006) zu verzeichnen. In den 1990er Jahren betrug...

The unfavourable balance of foreign direct investment plays a major role in the ongoing debate on the quality of Germany as a business location. High direct investment outflows and low inflows compared with the United Kingdom and France are often seen as a sign of weakness of Germany as a...

The unfavourable balance of foreign direct investment plays a major role in the ongoing debate on the quality of Gennany as a business location. High direct investment outflows and low inflows compared with the United Kingdom and France are often seen as a sign of weakness of the Gennan...