-cultural management, cross-cultural communications, and cross-cultural marketing, including their methodological and practical aspects …

entrepreneurial productivity to start-up capital and skills. The empirical analysis of a survey of entrepreneurs in Swaziland …, business training is positively associated with sales performance of men entrepreneurs, but has no effect on women. However …, this does not call for abolishing training programs for women entrepreneurs. Instead their design and targeting should be …

Are apprenticeships valuable for firms? Economists once thought that firms do not pay to develop occupational skills … in apprenticeship training. Firms gain from the apprentice’s contributions to production, reduced turnover and training …

training for middle-level occupations. We begin by defining and describing middle-skills occupations, largely in terms of … the skills of individuals for these occupations. Programs of academic education and apprenticeship programs emphasizing … complementarities. Third, we consider the evidence on the costs and effectiveness of apprenticeship training in several countries. The …

Economic Development and Cooperation (OECD 2009) review of youth employment, have recommended expanding apprenticeship training … yet failed to stimulate significant action. Apprenticeship training would seem consistent with American values of …

Skills are a central source of high productivity and economic well-being. But what do we mean by productive skills …? Both with regard to measurement and policy, the primary focus in the U.S. has been on academic skills, as measured by tests … consensus is emerging that an array of non-academic skills and occupational skills may be at least as important for labor market …

Economists have long believed that firms will not pay to develop occupational skills that workers could use in other …, often competing, firms. Researchers now recognize that firms that invest in apprenticeship training generally reap good … training costs. Generally, the first year of apprenticeships involves significant costs, but subsequently, the apprentice …

by rapid growth, or are they still struggling with employment overhang? What are the occupations and skills in which …

school to the labor market. Limited skills relative to the demands of employers also play a role. This paper proposes three … major policy initiatives for upgrading and expanding worker training to bolster productivity and wages: 1) Improve access to … in-demand training through better information, technology, and targeted funding; 2) Strengthen connections between career …