Inflation expectations constitute a subject of particular contemporary interest to central banks, especially those pursuing a monetary policy based on a strategy of direct inflation targeting. Macroeconomic theory indicates that the transmission of monetary policy impulses and their impact on...

Gegenstand dieses Berichts ist die Situation in den 28 EU-Mitgliedstaaten in Bezug auf Pflichten, jenseits des Beschäftigungsbereichs angemessene Vorkehrungen zu treffen. Der Bericht bietet einen Überblick über die in den Gesetzen und Politiken der Mitgliedstaaten enthaltenen Pflichten,...

The Annual Activity Report is a management report of the Director-General of DG Justice and Consumersto the College of Commissioners. It is the main instrument of management accountability within the Commission and constitutes the basis on which the Commission takes its responsibility for the...

The mission of the Directorate-General for Justice and Consumers is to uphold and strengthen the rights of people living in the European Union, whether they are acting as consumers, entrepreneurs or workers and the rights of EU citizens in the European Union and abroad. Our policies and our...

The mission of the Directorate-General for Justice and Consumers is to upholdand strengthen the rights of people living in the European Union, whether they are acting as citizens, consumers, entrepreneurs or workers. The Directorate-General works to achieve Commissioner Jourová’s core goals...

This study on the functioning of retail electricity markets for consumers in the EU is the follow up to the first market study conducted in 2009/2010, and published by the European Commission in 2010. The objectives of the current study are to investigate if a well-functioning electricity market...