The European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) has published its Annual Report 2013 (Report) on credit rating agencies (CRAs) in the European Union (EU). The Report also outlines ESMA’s supervisory work plan for this year.ESMA has found that CRAs continue to progress in how they comply...

Trading Platforms (TPs), which have automated trading members, have been the focus of increased attention in recent years. ESMA therefore decided in 2013 to conduct a peer review on the Guidelines on systems and controls in an automated trading environment for trading platforms, ESMA 2012/122...

The European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) published a Consultation Paper on Guidelines on the information that should beperiodically submitted to ESMA by credit rating agencies (CRAs). In this Final Report, ESMA considers the responses received to the consultation paper during Q3 2014...

The present study looks at a range of questions related to the social and economic consequences of private equity/LBO activity raised by the European Parliament. Overall, we find private equity to be a well-functioning, established industry that fulfils a crucial role in our economy by providing...