After the switch to a floating exchange rate in 1973, the Swiss National Bank at first adopted annual monetary targets and in the 1990s shifted to a medium-term targeting strategy. In this paper I review the SNBu0092s internal policy analysis, an aspect of Swiss monetary targeting that has...

With the development towards comprehensive and more sophisticated border control regimes, the problem of protection seekers’ access to EU territory has increasingly come into focus. Disorderly movement is presently the main avenue to safety in the EU, and human smugglers act as important...

Article 495(3) of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 (Capital Requirements Regulation – CRR) allows competent authorities temporarily to exempt from the internal ratings-based (IRB) treatment certain equity exposures held by institutions as at 31 December 2007. This provision was already included in...

The Internal Market and Consumer Protection Committee of the European Parliament wished to continue its considerations of the draft Consumer Credit Directive by looking into specific elements of the Council common position and hence on 10 October 2007, hosted a workshop. This document provides a...