The targeted increase of renewable energy sources in the European energy mix to 20% by 2020, and the goal of an 80-95% CO2 emissions reduction by 2050, will require changes to and extensions of the electricity grid. The integration of increasing shares of fluctuating renewable electricity,...

Energy intensity improvements in industry have been significant over the past two decades. Further improvement potential can be tapped if targeted policy action is taken. However, the household, tertiary and transport sectors have even higher energy savings potentials. Energy savings policies...