This report covers the main results of the study carried out on behalf of the European Commission in accordance with the service contract RTD/DirC/C4/2009/0268794 of 9 June 2009. The main objective of this project was to study, and report to the European Commission and to its Advisory Group1,...

As one of the most important consumer markets of wild animals and plants, their parts and derivatives, the European Union (EU) has a special responsibility for ensuring that trade in wildlife and wildlife products is sustainable and does not lead to species concerned becoming endangered. For...

This assessment of global megatrends focuses on the impact of global pressures on Europe. A global-to-European perspective is relevant for European environmental policy making because Europe’s environmental challenges and management options are being reshaped by global drivers such as...

Climate change is already happening. Regardless of international progress to reduce emissions of the greenhouse gases that cause climate change, the climate system will continue to adjust for the next few decades to past and present emissions. This will bring unavoidable impacts on natural and...

This study compiles and summarizes the existing knowledge about observed and projected impacts of climate change on forests in Europe and reviews options for forests and forestry to adapt to climate change. It has been commissioned by the Directorate General for Agriculture and Rural Development...