The paper analyses the evolution of the trade specialisation pattern in the ten countries which will join the EU in …

This paper analyses the relationship between openness to trade and wages at the industry level (15 manufacturing … intra and inter-industry trade as well as between trade from western and eastern Europe and we try to assess the relative … importance of foreign wages versus domestic productivity developments in an open environment. We find that trade is not an …

harmonize prices internationally, with trade being the primary channel (Rogoff 1996, Goldberg and Knetter 1997). Second …, monetary union may greatly increase the amount of trade among members (Rose 2001). Putting these together, we see that … elimination of exchange rate volatility simultaneously leads to a large increase in intra-union trade and a big increase in the …

This paper discusses the channels between openness and productivity and trade hampering factors. The stylized facts … markets and regulations in other countries are important trade barriers for European firms. From these outcomes it could be … derived that EU trade policies should be directed to deep integration with other countries, preferably by implementing …