The mandate for this study was to undertake an evaluation of EU external action as managed by three DGs: DG RELEX, DG DEV and DG AIDCO. The Terms of Reference identified two main objectives (ToR, Feb 2010, Section 1 – reproduced in Annex 1): · To provide an overall independent assessment of...

We evaluate the Friedman-Schwartz hypothesis that a more accommodative monetary policy could have greatly reduced the severity of the Great Depression. To do this, we first estimate a dynamic, general equilibrium model using data from the 1920s and 1930s. Although the model includes eight...

Climate change is already happening. Regardless of international progress to reduce emissions of the greenhouse gases that cause climate change, the climate system will continue to adjust for the next few decades to past and present emissions. This will bring unavoidable impacts on natural and...

This study compiles and summarizes the existing knowledge about observed and projected impacts of climate change on forests in Europe and reviews options for forests and forestry to adapt to climate change. It has been commissioned by the Directorate General for Agriculture and Rural Development...

This report presents the final results of the study named AVEMAC (Assessing Agriculture Vulnerabilities for the design of Effective Measures for Adaptation to Climate Change). This study has been realized in collaboration of the Actions AGRI4CAST, GeoCAP, AGRI0ENV, and AGRITRADE of the Institute...

This report is an indicator-based assessment of European Community and acceding and candidate countries’ greenhouse gas emission trends, emission projections and existing and proposed policies and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 2010. The report presents an assessment of the...

This report is an indicator-based assessment of European Community and acceding and candidate countries’ greenhouse gas emission trends, emission projections and existing and proposed policies and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 2010. The report presents an assessment of the...