This paper examine differences between risk-neutral and objective probability densities of future interest rates. The identification and quantification of these differences are important when risk-neutral densities (RNDs), such as option-implied RNDs, are used as indicators of actual beliefs of...

With its endless expanse of coniferous forests, mires and lakes, the Boreal Region forms part of a distinct band of vegetation which circles the entire northern hemisphere. Habitat types blend seamlessly into one another, creating a characteristic mosaic landscape of forests and wetlands. Along...

On 23 January 2013, the Coordinators of the Committee on Industry, Research and Energy (ITRE) requested a Cost of Non-Europe report with regard to the Single Market for Energy to support the preparation of an own-initiative report entitled ‘Making the internal energy market work’...

Electricité de France (EDF) is a leading player in the European energy market. With a generation capacity of 130 GWe (of which 99 GWe is generated on French territory), it has the largest generation fleet in Europe. EDF operates in all sectors of the electricity industry. This includes both the...

E.ON Sverige AB is the second largest energy producer in Sweden and, with about 6,000 employees, is also one of the largest employers in the country. (E.ON Sverige AB was known as Sydkraft AB until 2005; however, the company will be referred to as E.ON Sverige throughout this study in order to avoid...