This evaluation assesses the relevance, efficiency, effectiveness, impact and sustainability of the European Commission’s support to its partner countries in the energy sector. It covers interventions designed or implemented during the 1996-2007 period in all the external cooperation partner...

This report provides an update of the trends to 2030 published in 2003. The new baseline takes into account a high energy import price environment, the unsatisfactory economic growth of recent years and the more subdued growth prospects taking into account demographic developments. It includes,...

This report reveals that Central and Eastern European countries are using at least twice the energy used by the previous 15 EU member states for each unit of economic output. Along with six other non-governmental organisations, WWF, the global conservation organisation, has launched a report...

This report synthesises data from a range of sources to estimate the size of subsidies to the energy sector in the 15 pre-2004 Member States of the European Union. It finds that the level of subsidies to fossil fuels remains high despite their environmental impacts, while support for renewable...

Increasing the use of renewable energies offers significant opportunities for Europe to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and secure its energy supply. However, the substantial rise in the use of biomass from agriculture, forestry and waste for producing energy might put additional pressure on...

Energy gives personal comfort and mobility to people. However, it also places considerable pressures on the environment, such as emissions of greenhouse gases and air pollutants. EU policy thus aims at integrating environmental requirements within the energy sector. This report measures the...

The latest projections from pre-2004 EU Member States (EU-15) show that greenhouse gas emissions could be brought down to 8.0 % below 1990 levels by 2010. If all existing and planned domestic policy measures are implemented and Kyoto mechanisms as well as carbon sinks are used, the EU-15 will...

Dieses Grünbuch möchte als Katalysator wirken, um auf allen Ebenen der europäischen Gesellschaft – sei es auf EU-Gemeinschaftsebene, sei es auf einzelstaatlicher, regionaler oder kommunaler Ebene – auf eine erneuerte Energieeffizienz-Initiative hinzuwirken. ... Wettbewerbsfähigkeit und...

Since climate change has become an important subject on the international agenda, CO2-neutral energy sources are becoming increasingly popular as well. Among the companies that have benefited from this development is the Danish wind turbine manufacturing company, Vestas. Over the last century,...