In the wake of the economic and financial crisis, many European governments have cut spending on healthcare services. At the same time, unemployment, financial strain and reduced prevention have increased the need for certain healthcare services, while falling disposable income has made access...

In Zeiten der Wirtschafts- und Finanzkrise haben zahlreiche europäische Regierungen ihre Ausgaben für Gesundheitsleistungen zurückgefahren. Angesichts wachsender Arbeitslosigkeit, finanzieller Belastungen und rückläufiger Eigenvorsorge steigt indes der Bedarf an bestimmten...

Bulgaria has for years been facing some of the highest credit growth rates and current account deficits in Central and South-Eastern Europe, raising concerns about possible risks for macroeconomic and financial sector stability. Since standard monetary policy instruments are not available within...

In this briefing paper we evaluate the performance of the EIB in its external lending and policies in relation to developing economies including its response to the financial crisis. We recommend policy changes including greater absolute levels of lending to developing economies and greater risk...