This Country Focus studies the development of private consumption in France during the decade before the crisis. Are … French consumers greater spendthrifts than their European fellows? In this paper, we estimate a consumption function to show … that strong growth of private consumption in France during the pre-crisis decade is explained by the main determinants …

In Germany private consumption virtually stagnated for nearly a decade and clearly lagged behind GDP growth. This … Country Focus uses the estimation of a consumption function to show that the drop in employment is the most important factor … and the expiry of the more generous depreciation rules have also held back private consumption. Since these one-offs will …

organisers of the conference 'Time for action — towards sustainable consumption and production in Europe'. Three sets of three … top-priority recommendations towards sustainable consumption and production (SCP) in Europe were developed at the …

The consumption of goods and services in EEA member countries is a major driver of global resource use — and associated … European consumption taking place beyond Europe. Food and drink, housing, mobility and tourism are responsible for a large part … of the pressures and impacts caused by consumption in the EU. Achieving significant reductions in environmental pressures …

of consumption and production patterns. It begins with a review of key recent environmental trends in the region, then … production and consumption patterns. Addressing environmental challenges in a sustainable manner requires a close review of …

to influence the consumption plan of individuals and the demand for real money balances, thus affecting the equilibrium …