This paper analyzes the effect of exchange rate volatility on the trade volume (Export) and the impact of REER on determinant of trade in Pakistan using timeseries data for the period 1981-2010. The result shows that REER is inversely impact on Export Volume of Pakistan. On otherside the Import...

We develop an endogenous growth model with three goods, exportable, importable and non-tradable. We study the response of the real exchange rate and of the economy growth rate to a decrease in the tariff rate. We show that trade liberalization must be followed by a depreciation of the real...

The hypothesis that devaluating and depreciating the exchange rate in developing economies will lead to fast growth and economic development has drawn some controversies and debates during the past 20 years in the area of development economics. Mainly, due to the delayed results in some...

Given contrasting evidence in the literature pertaining to the impact of Foreign Direct Investment on the host country’s economy, we take the case of Pakistan and test the said association for this nation. The data used for this study has spanned over the period of 1981 till 2010. Besides FDI,...

Of the world’s 6.7 billion people (as of 2008), 1.3 billion lived on less than $1.25 Purchasing Power Parity dollars per person per day and another 1.7 billion lived on between $1.25 and $2.50 PPP dollars (Chen and Ravallion, 2012). The scourge of absolute economic misery among billions of the...

IMF and World Bank were created after the Second World War as a result of monetary and fiscal Conference of the United Nations (UN) in the Bretton Wood, New Hampshire in July 1944. This conference was part of the efforts to finance the construction of Europe which was destroyed in the Second...

This research examines whether firms with different levels of export intensity differ with respect to the competitive elements that sustain their competitiveness in foreign markets, as well as on marketing strategies implemented in their commercial activity abroad. To this end, we examine a...

The purpose of this paper is to examine factors influencing export in bilateral trade in the Middle-East context. The study considers the bilateral trade flows across three Gulf Cooperation Council countries - the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), Bahrain (BAH) and Qatar (QAT) - over the last 30...

To estimate correctly the effect of variable trade costs on firms’ exports, the gravity equation should control for the number of firms that participate in foreign markets. Due to the absence of these data, previous studies control for this omitted variable using econometric strategies that...

With the focus to reveal the fundamental problem that China machine tool industry and the national economic development are incompatible in some aspects, this article not only analyzes the production, import and export of China machine tool industry, but also research the international...