Several new models are used to eliminate lack of classic methods in valuation of investment decisions. Finding an answer for the question “which method is used to value investment” is important for investor to decide right investment. Choice of both methods and the components that are used...

Over the last two decades, a number of financial disasters have occurred due to failure in risk management procedures. If some, as the Asian financial crisis, had a very much more muted global impact (even though they sent shock waves through global financial markets, the main damage were fairly...