Exchange-traded funds (ETFs) exist for stock, bond and commodity markets. In most cases the underlying feature of an ETF is an index. Fund management today uses the active and the passive way to construct a portfolio. ETFs can be used for passive portfolio management, for which ETFs with...

The main result of this paper consists in the resolution of the inverse problem for the Black-Cox (1976) model, using the method proposed by Sukhomlin (2007). Based on the backward approach, we obtain an exact expression of the implied volatility expressed as a function of quantifiable market...

The purpose of this research is to investigate the weak form of market efficiency of Asian four selected stock markets. We have taken a daily closing price of stock markets under the study from the 1st January 2000 to 31st March 2011 and also divided full sample in three interval periods, and...

The article presents the analysis of determinants of banks' competitiveness in local financial markets, with respect to local (cooperative) banks and branches of large commercial banks. The paper also evaluates the competitive position of the banks using the synthetic measure of competitive...

This paper explores the state of formal and informal equity sources currently available for financing entrepreneurial activity in Chile. By integrating theoretical perspectives regarding formal and informal equity funding and information gathered from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM)...

Eine Finanztransaktionssteuer kann neben der Finanzmarktregulierung das zentrale Instrument sein, um die Finanzmärkte in Zukunft wieder robuster zu machen. Wenn sie breit angelegt ist, zielt sie auf die Eindämmung von Regulierungsarbitrage, Blitzhandel, überaktivem Portfolio-Management und...

The severe political turmoil provoked by an allegedly mispriced private bond issue in Greece added to the controversial matter of whether prices of structured bonds sold to investors are "fair" or not. In this paper structured bond market is analysed with particular focus on valuation issues. It...

Numerous studies have discussed that even if fundamental for innovation and economic growth, SMEs are often financially more constrained than large firms. Therefore, venture capitalists are often the only available sources of financing to small and young companies. Through the analysis of a...

The study explores the relationship between monetary policy and private sectorinvestment in Kenya by tracing the effects of monetary policy through the transmission mechanism to explain how investment responded to changes in monetary. Several studies have offered a means to understand the manner...