Exchange-traded funds (ETFs) exist for stock, bond and commodity markets. In most cases the underlying feature of an ETF is an index. Fund management today uses the active and the passive way to construct a portfolio. ETFs can be used for passive portfolio management, for which ETFs with...

Numerous studies have discussed that even if fundamental for innovation and economic growth, SMEs are often financially more constrained than large firms. Therefore, venture capitalists are often the only available sources of financing to small and young companies. Through the analysis of a...

The present paper measured the efficiency of Islamic banks during economic troubles of 2006-2009 to address the question if Islamic banks were efficient and stable. This paper addresses this question by measuring efficiency through employing the on-parametric technique, Data Envelopment Analysis...

This article is divided into four sections. In the first one, we describe the origin and history of investment banking, with particular focus on the economic conditions that led to its birth in the United States. The second part considers those products offered by investments banks which are...

Jüngste Entwicklungen in Irland, Griechenland und Spanien zeigen: Finanzierungskrisen von Staaten gefährden deren Bankensektoren, Bankenkrisen die Zahlungsfähigkeit ihrer Heimatstaaten. Diese Kopplung von Staats- und Bankensolvenz wird durch den Home Bias im Staatsanleiheportfolio, also die...

Through this paper the author discusses the phenomenon of excessive Government borrowing and the factors that lead Governments to be so dependent on financial markets. It is argued that the combined effect of unregulated financial intermediaries, hedge funds and Credit Rating Agencies in...

In this paper, we’ll try to study the impact of ownership structure (state owned/private) of banks in Tunisia on its level of cost efficiency. While, we have proposed an assessment of the cost efficiency of Tunisian banks during the period 1999-2009 on a sample of 17 universal banks using a...

Quality of asset and efficiency of bank is highly correlated. The efficiency of banking in post-liberalization period is judged not only based of its profitability but also on quality of assets it holds. Non Performing Asset (NPA) is the foremost threat for banking stability and growth. Against...