countries in sub-Saharan Africa. First, we find that an additional year of maternal education leads to a 0.37-year increase in …

broader measure of human capital that accounts for international differences in the quality of education. Our findings suggest … that more quality-adjusted education does increase the income of the poor in addition to its positive effect on average … income. Hence effective education policies should be an essential component of any poverty-reduction strategy. …

exposed children completing one-half year less education representing an 18.3 percent decline. The effect is robust to …