, though being emphasised by the notion of access to justice in the Charter, receives less attention, and the EU judicial …

when characterising EU external action; international responsibility under mixed agreements; and the relationship between … international law and EU law. …

Soon after the accession of eight post-communist States from Central and Eastern Europe to the EU, the constitutional … courts of some of these countries questioned the principle of supremacy of EU law over national constitutional systems, on …, the most important of which is a democracy paradox: while accession to the EU was supposed to be the most stable guarantee …

This paper takes a closer look at one of the EU’s foundational values, the rule of law, and relates it to the external … dimension of the EU’s migration policy. It examines how the EU’s powers in migration management have been put to use in order to … project EU migration policies beyond the EU legal order, or more precisely to locate the physical control of migration outside …

. After describing these developments, the paper examines the case law of EU Court of Justice on positive action for women in …

. After describing these developments, the paper examines the case law of EU Court of Justice on positive action for women in …

constitution for Europe and its implications for the EU legal system. It comments on the categories of act on the three levels of … of the proposed system of legal acts to the special nature of the EU. …

Particular problems in EU human rights protection stem from the final clauses of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights … to be bound by EU fundamental rights when they derogate from Community law, or "Union law" in future. The same is true …