Argues that the changeover from the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) to the World Trade Organization (WTO) had little effect on industrialization policies of middle-income countries.

Where the theory of free competition reigns, developing countries should open their arms to investments from all types of enterprises in order to maximize jobs. Ownership, measured by votes of shareholders or boards of directors, is immaterial to performance. Matters change drastically, though,...

Where the theory of free competition reigns, developing countries should open their arms to investments from all types of enterprises in order to maximize jobs. Ownership, measured by votes of shareholders or boards of directors, is immaterial to performance. Matters change drastically, though,...

Grass roots methods of poverty alleviation will fail unless jobs are created or stimulated by governments (whether central or local). In the presence of high unemployment at all levels, improving the capabilities of job seekers (making them better fed and housed and educated) will only lead to...

The United States has had two empires. Under the first, from roughly 1950 to 1980, it was too busy to bother controlling the policies of the developing world. Under this regime, poorer countries did relatively well. In the second empire, which has reigned since then, it has felt obliged to set...

Abstract This paper is concerned with the neglected role of competition policy in East Asian development. Michael Porter considers Japan's development to have benefitted from intense competition among firms. By contrast, Caves and Uekusa criticize MITI's role in creating recession cartels and...