The reform of the European Structural Funds requires a classification of rural areas according to their level of economic development. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are a tool that potentially offers advantages compared to classical classification methods. This paper analyses the strengths...

A large part of official economic data sets is produced with the help of assumed functional relations between variables. Constructing economic models on the basis of such model-generated data results in a 'modeling on the basis of the results of modeling.' This common procedure can lead to...

This paper focuses on the theoretical differences of four index methods to predict price fluctuations in the picture market: (a) the relation of the arithmetic mean of picture prices of two periods; (b) the relation of the geometric means of picture prices of two periods; (c) the arithmetic mean...

The paper presents an empirical demonstration of the well-known fact that theories and persons are differently seen and often differently evaluated by of different countries and in different times. To test these hypotheses, the authors have chosen the presentations of physiocratic theory in...