This article briefly explores the many ways in which the George W. Bush administration's response to the terror attacks of September 11, 2001 do not conform to the predictions of the rational actor model. The article suggests that foreign policy decision-making models which focus on the...

This article briefly explores the many ways in which the George W. Bush administration's response to the terror attacks of September 11, 2001 do not conform to the predictions of the rational actor model. The article suggests that foreign policy decision-making models which focus on the...

The purpose of this working paper is to analyse Spanish public opinion towards foreign aid. To do this, the author has considered some factors that shape public attitudes towards development aid, basically: public opinion’s interest towards international issues; public perceptions about the...

The literature on economic sanctions has long studied sender countries’ policymaking as a simple choice between imposing sanctions to extract concessions from the targeted country and doing nothing. We depart from this simplifying assumption and analyze sanctions as a multifaceted foreign...

This study investigates why, despite the potential credibility enhancement associated with generating domestic audience costs, leaders (in this instance, U.S. presidents) frequently opt to “go private†by conducting foreign policy out of the public spotlight. The author argues that...

This article tests the hypothesis that ordinary people favor punishing badly behaved foreign actors to make them “pay†for their crimes rather than purely to protect national security interests. In an undergraduate sample, people’s endorsement of the principle of retributive...

Die Staaten der Welt haben auf die Terroranschläge des 11. September 2001 und die nachfolgenden Militärschläge gegen Afghanistan unterschiedlich reagiert. In der Region Ost- und Südostasien waren die Staaten je nach Position im Gefüge der internationalen Beziehungen und je nach innerer...

Despite the overwhelming scientific consensus, climate change is a divisive national and international policy issue. There is still much public debate and uncertainty regarding the reality of climate change and the degree to which human activities are responsible. In terms of climate change...

News media coverage can affect how Americans view health policy issues. While previous research has investigated the text content of news media coverage of obesity, these studies have tended to ignore the photographs and other images that accompany obesity-related news coverage. Images can...

This paper uses Taiwan's archival documents to reexamine the two Taiwan Strait crises and the characteristics of Chiang Kai-shek's strategic thinking. Section 2 examines the oscillation of U.S. policy concerning the ROC's offensive toward mainland China and the defense of the Da-chen islands...