Purpose – This paper aims to explore the incidence of nominal and real wage cuts in the Finnish private sector during the 1990s. Design/methodology/approach – Estimation of econometric models for the probability of wage cuts using individual-level wage survey data from the payroll records of...

This paper analyses the flexibility of the Finnish labour markets from the microeconomic perspective by focusing on individual-level wage changes for job stayers. The study covers the private sector workers by using three separate data sets obtained from payroll records of employers’...

The paper explores wage flexibility in Finland. The study covers the private sector workers by using three data sets from the payroll records of employers’ associations. The data span the period 1985–2001. The results reveal that there has been macroeconomic flexibility in the labour market....

By using panel data, the paper aims to (1) describe changes in the income of households and to (2) present an econometric model for explaining short-term changes in income. The data are derived from the income distribution statistics compiled by the Central Statistical Office of Finland. The...

In this paper we study the effect of technology on establishment‐level wages using a classification of manufacturing industries based on four technology levels. The technology wage premiums are estimated separately for non‐manual and manual workers using wage equations with available control...

Job creation, destruction and reallocation rates is examined using data on Finnish manufacturing establishments for the period 1987-93, focusing on differences in these rates across the technology levels, and on the effects of the 1990s recession on the rates. The results indicate that the high...

This paper explores the wage flexibility in Finland. The study covers the private sector workers by using three data sets from the payroll records of employers’ associations. The data span the period 1985-2001. The results reveal that there has been macroeconomic flexibility in the labour...

This paper deals with imputation techniques and strategies. Usually, imputation truly commences after the first data editing, but many preceding operations are needed before that. In this editing step, the missing or deficient items are to be recognized and coded, and then it is decided which of...