The addition of roflumilast to LABA in the treatment of patients with severe-to-very severe COPD reduces the rate of exacerbations and can be cost-effective in the UK setting. </AbstractSection> Copyright The Author(s) 2014

These results demonstrate that the cost per QALY for TNF-inhibitors was higher than in previous assessments based on registry data and that the results were sensitive to the HAQ progression of the comparator. </AbstractSection> Copyright Springer-Verlag 2013

In a country with considerable amount of active CHB patients, monotherapy with a highly potent third generation drug has the most health-gain, and is cost-effective in both HBeAg-positive and negative in all stages of liver disease. </AbstractSection> Copyright The Author(s) 2012

Screening patients with IBS-D or IBS-mix for CD is almost certainly cost-effective. The screening program would improve the quality of life of those patients with IBS symptoms who actually have CD at a relatively low cost. </AbstractSection> Copyright Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013

The intervention of dual dispatch defibrillation by ambulance and fire services in the County of Stockholm had positive economic effects. For the cost-benefit analysis, the return on investment was high and the cost-effectiveness showed levels below the threshold value for economic efficiency...

There were numerous drivers of the different conclusions regarding the cost-effectiveness of trastuzumab, many of which are due to judgements made by the authors when translating data from RCTs. Many of the potential drivers were not identified by the published systematic reviews of economic...

Without changes in the current policies, pharmaceutical companies will eventually cease responding to the incentives to develop orphan drugs, because they will increasingly be uncertain whether the drugs, if developed, will be reimbursed. </AbstractSection> Copyright Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014

Managing water scarcity is a major challenge for regions all over the world. In the European Union, robust methodologies are needed to establish effective programmes of measures aimed at achieving the “good status” of water bodies according to the Water Framework Directive (WFD). These...

According to the criteria proposed by the Commission on Macroeconomics and Health, the use of the combination SAXA + MET is highly cost-effective in Argentina. </AbstractSection> Copyright Elgart et al.; licensee Springer. 2013