A variety of monetary policies regarding contraception exists around the world. These range from high user charges in some countries, to free contraceptives in many, to incentives and disincentives in others. This paper examines these policies, focuses on charges and payments as they existed in...

Educational needs assessments (hereafter NAs) are inattentive to cost considerations and are frequently dominated by elite stakeholder groups. In this article I make a case for adopting a cost-utility approach, illustrating the argument with data generated in a NA of central library services in...

Metaphors can serve as powerful stimulants for clarifying purposes, roles, and practices in program evaluation The metaphor proposed in this article is that the behavior of teachers conducting small-scale evaluations of their own programs is analogous to the behavior of students solving...

This article will define decision rules and examine literature relevant to the concept of program evaluation. An example will be provided of an evaluation in which the formula tion of explicit and specific decision rules was a central activity. The case for and against the use of decision rules...

This volume helps fill the gap left from insufficiently archived details of family planning programs carried out in many developing countries from the 1950s through the 1980s of their operations, their commonalities, and their differences, with much useful information and informed analysis. The...