This research examines educational stratification cross-nationally through the context of German division and unity. Drawing on representative German Social Survey (ALLBUS) data from 1991-1998 on cohorts schooled in the 1980s and 1990s, the analysis explores educational inequality at the...

The collapse of communism in East Germany took place alongside unification with its democratic neighbour, West Germany. This made the East German experience of the ‘transition’ - from the planned to the free-market economy - unique among that of the post-socialist states. On the one hand,...

Up to the end of World War II, the political-economic framework had been relatively similar all over Germany. However, the farm structure was different. While in both parts, the West and the East, about 90 per cent of all farms cultivated less than 20 ha and about one per cent more than 100 ha,...

Pre-reform similarities between the ex-German Democratic Republic and Czechoslovakia serve as a basis for comparing two different approaches to marketizing centrally planned economies. The GDR freed trade in goods and fixed the exchange rate first, then liberalized domestic price setting, and...

Covers trend from 1990 to 1998.

Covers the period from 1969 to 1989.

Based on interviews with officers and workers in four banks and four insurance companies in each country.