The California-Arizona lemon industry, after a long history of using fresh market shipment controls, operated during 1985-1986 without using the weekly prorate provisions of its federal marketing order. This article compares the level and variability of weekly shipments and prices for the,...

The formal relationship between price asymmetry and marketing margins is derived and illustrated with a weekly analysis of prices and margins for fresh lemons and Navel oranges in four retail markets. In the short-run, retail prices and margins for both products were more responsive to f.o.b....

In order to analyse the effect of exchange rate uncertainty, we apply an empirical gravity equation to two sets of US bilateral trade data: fresh fruit over the period 1976--1999 for a panel of 26 countries; and fresh vegetables over the period 1976--2006 for a panel of nine countries. Based on...

This paper investigates the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) and its relationship to trade in the U.S. food processing industry. A representative multinational corporation maximizes profits by choosing between production in the home country, which is exported, and production in a...

This study considers the welfare impact of labeling policies of agricultural commodities with specific characteristics. Using a model of vertical differentiation, the effects on equilibrium and welfare levels are calculated. The introduction of the regulation and the emergence of two...

This study examines the interaction between export subsidies and profit-shifting in a vertical production system consisting of agricultural commodity production, and intermediate and final good processing, where the latter two stages may be characterized by imperfect competition. Using a model...