environmental standards. These agreements are compared to the earlier FTA with Jordan and the NAFTA with Mexico. …

environmental standards. These agreements are compared to the earlier FTA with Jordan and the NAFTA with Mexico. …

the USA to 17 frontier markets. For four countries, Jordan, Lebanon, Nigeria, and Kenya, we find weak negative return … spillovers from the USA, implying possible diversification opportunities. For 13 markets, the influence of past local shocks is … greater than the influence of current shocks from the USA, and for 16 markets, local past volatility has stronger impact than …

balance and employment rate in Canada. However, the effect of NAFTA on the USA is unclear, i.e. it does not show a negative or … rate in the USA due to NAFTA. Therefore, more study is needed to determine whether the USA has lost jobs or lowered the … wage rate in the USA. …

This paper examines the J-curve hypothesis for Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the UK. Applying the vector error … depreciation in several different patterns in the short run. There is lack of support for a J-curve for Australia, Canada, and the … UK. In the long run, real depreciation improves the trade balance for Australia, Canada, and New Zealand and does not …

openness, using panel-VAR methods in relation to ten significant OECD countries: Austria, Canada, Finland, Iceland, Ireland …, Japan, Norway, Spain, Switzerland and the USA, between 1970 and 2010. We find that foreign direct investment, trade openness …

formulation of a matrix model comprising grand and competitive strategies. Several experiences from the USA, New Zealand, Chile …, Mexico and Canada are discussed to draw some differences and similarities. This topic comes at a time when the government is …