The paper measures the cost of business cycles by asking what proportion of consumption representative households, whose head is currently employed, would be prepared to give up to avoid the risk of unemployment. Previous estimates by Lucas suggested that the costs of macroeconomic fluctuations...

This paper shows that the potential earnings of the unemployed are lower compared to the employed. The authors interpret this as being supportive of a dual labor market with a privileged primary sector who are less likely to be unemployed compared to the secondary sector who are more likely to...

Using data from the General Household Survey 1973-95, it is shown that there were substantial differences between the earnings of whites and nonwhites in the self-employment sector of the British labour market over the period. Fitting a model of earnings determination which takes account of...

In this paper we examine the effects of a carbon tax, one of the possible instruments for reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Such taxes are currently being proposed as a means of reducing CO2 emissions, motivated by concerns about the global greenhouse effect and its potential impact on...