Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden form a tightly integrated region which has strong ties with the euro area as well … independent monetary policy, and Denmark and Norway are net energy exporters while Finland and Sweden are energy importers. We …

that gradually emerged in Sweden after the deep economic crisis of the early 1990s. By now, Swedish public finances stand … out among the strongest in Europe. Recent Swedish macroeconomic performance has been impressive. As Sweden and Portugal … are small open economies in the periphery of Europe, Sweden may serve as a fiscal model for Portugal. Policy lessons are …

financial crisis. Economic growth in Sweden has been moderate since global financial crisis of 2008–2009. The IMF report … of Swedish international banking groups are expected to benefit borrowers not only in Sweden but across the region. …

This paper studies why public finances in Sweden have remained very strong during the current financial crisis. Unlike … almost all other European countries, Sweden has had budget surpluses and a government debt ratio around 40 percent of GDP … during the recent crisis. We attribute this to two important factors. First, Sweden entered the crisis with strong public …