The problem of poverty in Africa was often discussed in terms of the agro-ecological specifics and the internal social relations of societies, production systems and economies. It appeared necessary, therefore, for states and international organizations to intervene. Because poverty was...

En 1996, el comercio de bienes y servicios de la región en su conjunto evolucionó, acorde con la tendencia, hacia una progresiva internacionalización de la economía de América Latina y el Caribe observada a partir de 1992, fenómeno que se ha manifestado en dos aspectos: un aumento del...

Jules Siedenburg (in this issue of DPR) has misunderstood the purpose of our 1994 book, which was to differentiate between long-run forces of change and the impact of particular projects. The methodology we adopted is rehearsed in this response, as it authenticates our data. His attack on our...

This article describes the chief findings of research carried out in four African dryland areas to investigate the validity of the authors' 'Machakos hypothesis', and to derive lessons on appropriate enabling policies. The findings were subsequently submitted to in-country validation and...