During the evolutionary process of developing software for management tasks, the need for integration became more and more obvious. This paper discusses how integrated information processing can be accomplished to support the managerial functions. Based on the concepts of control theory...

A simple cellular automaton to model traffic flow is used to analyze the impact of traffic lights on travel times. The model is investigated on a stretch of road with open boundaries, where the inflow is driven stochastically, but the outflow is controlled by a traffic light with periodically...

By comparing microscopic traffic flow models with a different number of phases in the context of a simple scenario, the similarities as well as the differences of the various traffic flow models can be discussed. It turns out that there is a certain range of traffic flow conditions, where it is...

A new type of noised induced phase transitions is proposed. It occurs in noisy systems with dynamical traps. Dynamical traps are regions in the phase space where the regular “forces” are depressed substantially. By way of an example, a simple oscillatory system <InlineEquation ID="Equ1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\{x,v=\dot{x}\}$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with...</equationsource></inlineequation>

The data presented here show that human drivers apply a discrete noisy control mechanism to drive their vehicle. A car-following model built on these observations, together with some physical limitations (crash-freeness, acceleration), lead to non-Gaussian probability distributions in the speed...

Are 'modern societies' necessarily democratic societies and capitalist (or: market) societies? This is what most of the social sciences of the post-Second World War period have assumed, while only some strands of critical, often Marx-inspired approaches contested this connection. This essay...

This paper considers a "war of attrition" game in which agents learn about an uncertain state of the world through private signals and from their peers. I provide existence and uniqueness results for a class of equilibria that satisfy a "full-participation" condition, and show that asymmetries...

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