In Western cultures, high correlations have been found between commitment, turnover and performance. While most studies only consider organizational commitment, this study compares the influence of commitment to the workgroup on relevant outcomes (organizational citizenship behaviour,...

Paternalistic leaders provide care, nurturance, and guidance to employees in their professional and personal lives in a parental manner, and, in exchange, expect loyalty and deference from employees. This study aims at investigating how the paternalistic leadership (PL) prototype converges and...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to first, examine the role of multi-dimensional commitments of western expatriates to a local operation in sustaining retention in international assignments. Second, the study also attempts to investigate the work conditions in which dimensions of local...