Forming and using cooperatives as marketing channel is usually advised to African smallholder farmers for overcoming the constraint of market access. However, limited evidence of cooperative behavior in marketing has been observed. In this paper, we estimate a two-stage model of commitment to...

Transaction costs are a large proportion of the cost structure along the value chains of most industries, especially the food and beverage industries. Competition forces industries to structure their value chains to minimise transaction costs but, in agriculture, this process is commonly impeded...

Na Citricultura, o produtor coordena suas transações de venda de laranja para os agentes dos canais de distribuição empregando diferentes estruturas de governança. Nas vendas para os barracões, intermediários, varejistas e mercado institucional ele realiza transações baseadas no mercado...

In this paper, the hypothesis that performance of trading firms depends on their assets (physical, financial, human capital and social capital) and trading practices is tested with data from a sample of 131 live animal traders in 38 rural Ethiopian highland markets. Most traders used own capital...

Published jointly by IFPRI, ILRI and Wageningen University

This article describes the ways in which cotton goods were commercialised during the nineteenth century and the first third of the twentieth. Several national cases are analysed: Britain, as the Workshop of the World; France, Germany, Switzerland and the US, as core economies; and Italy and Spain...

This paper, a much revised version of an earlier paper (with different tables), seeks to explain why Spanish merino wools arrived so late in the Low Countries, only from the 1420s, why initially only those cloth producers known as the nouvelles draperies chose to use them, and why their resort...

Food consumers are, in general, concerned with acquiring healthy food which does not pose risks to their health. These preferences are directly related to the way the economic agents organize themselves inside the food sector. In this context, the organic products’ share in the food...

This paper is a preliminary analysis of the governance structure of the faire trade of orange juice between Brazil and France. Fair trade is an organizational field composed of complex organizational networks that maintain relations of mutual dependence and share the same values system. As fair...