This paper examines the permanent income hypothesis by measuring the extent to which consumption deviates from it. Measuring deviations enables us to interpret empirical results in terms of economic significance as opposed to statistical significance. Namely, the author examines whether the...

This paper presents a framework in which we can examine whether stock prices are overvalued or undervalued. This paper estimates equilibrium stock prices based on the Lucas (1978) tree model using the Hansen and Sargent (1980) cross-equation restriction approach and the VAR approach. By...