The bank lending channel implies the Federal Reserve can influence real income by controlling the level of intermediated loans. Using the notion of causality developed by Simon (1953) and the causal order methodology developed by Hoover (1990), I test for an operative bank lending channel in the...

This article presents evidence showing that success in football and men’s basketball at the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I level positively affects enrollment of local high school graduates at a college or university. Panel regressions for eight California...

We re-examine studies of cross-country growth regressions by Levine and Renelt ("American Economic Review", Vol. 82, 1992, pp. 942-963) and Sala-i-Martin ("American Economic Review", Vol. 87, 1997a, pp. 178-183; Economics Department, Columbia, University, 1997b). In a realistic Monte Carlo...

Graph-theoretic methods of causal search based on the ideas of Pearl (2000), Spirtes "et al". (2000), and others have been applied by a number of researchers to economic data, particularly by Swanson and Granger (1997) to the problem of finding a data-based contemporaneous causal order for the...