This paper outlines reforms that have been achieved in the modernization of the customs administrations of francophone sub-Saharan (African) countries since the mid-1990s. It also highlights the remaining issues in this process. Progress has been made in the automation of operations and...

The paper provides an overview of revenue administration reforms implemented in Middle Eastern and North African countries over the past decade with IMF assistance. Although reforming tax and customs administration is neither quick nor simple, several countries in the region have embarked on...

This paper presents a modelling framework for Airline Competition Analysis and Demand Modelling (ACADM). The framework adopts a micro-simulation approach in which airline service capacity and passenger demand are represented at the finest disaggregate level. The main contribution of this...

The US Army is a complex organisation. Financial integration and full auditability have remained objectives for years. This paper presents an architecture-driven approach for achieving financial integration as the Army is implementing new business solutions in many areas. We describe the...

This paper looks at the impact on Australia’s trade in crops (non-wheat grains and oilseeds) where GM technology has been introduced. The model includes assumptions about the productivity gains of GM crops, possible consumer responses and regulatory costs for Australia and its major trading...

The firm-level approach to intra-industry trade reveals that the variation in the number of exporters or exported varieties (extensive margin) accounts for a greater share of the changes in aggregate trade than the variation in the average exports per firm variety (intensive margin). This paper...